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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rospedj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0843</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/rpj.v3i3.2463</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rospedj-589</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Одномоментное исследование состояния слуха у учащихся начальных классов в массовой и коррекционной школах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cross-Sectional Study of Hearing Status in Primary Students in Mainstream and Special Schools</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-7764</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туфатулин</surname><given-names>Г. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tufatulin</surname><given-names>G. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туфатулин Газиз Шарифович, доктор медицинских наук, главный врач СПб ГКУЗ «Детский городской сурдологический центр»</p><p>SPIN-код: 2802-5522</p><p>тел. раб.: +7 (812) 338-02-03тел. моб.: +7 (981) 745-3-555</p><p>194356, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Есенина, д. 26, к. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gaziz Sh. Tufatulin, MD, PhD</p><p>SPIN-код: 2802-5522</p><p>26/4A, Esenina str., St. Petersburg, 194356</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.tufatulin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8909-4602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королева Инна Васильевна, д.п.н., профессор</p><p>SPIN-код: 5428-3801</p><p>телефон: +7 (812) 338-02-03</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna V. Koroleva, MD, PhD</p><p>SPIN-код: 5428-3801</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.inna.koroleva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детский городской сурдологический центр; СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова; Санкт-Петербургский НИИ уха, горла, носа и речи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center of Pediatric Audiology; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech of the Ministry of Healthcare in Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детский городской сурдологический центр; Санкт-Петербургский НИИ уха, горла, носа и речи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center of Pediatric Audiology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech of the Ministry of Healthcare in Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>441</fpage><lpage>447</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туфатулин Г.Ш., Королева И.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туфатулин Г.Ш., Королева И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tufatulin G.S., Koroleva I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rospedj.ru/jour/article/view/589">https://www.rospedj.ru/jour/article/view/589</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Единственным способом предотвращения отрицательных последствий нарушений слуха у ребенка (нарушение речи, других психических процессов, обучения, социализации) являются ранние выявление патологии и начало реабилитационных мероприятий, что обеспечивают программы аудиологического скрининга детей разного возраста, включая школьников. В Российской Федерации аудиологический скрининг школьников не проводится. Цель исследования — изучение распространенности и структуры нарушений слуха у учащихся массовой и коррекционной (для детей с нарушениями зрения) школ для определения стратегии внедрения аудиологического скрининга школьников в Российской Федерации. Методы. Исследование проводилось у детей двух групп, у которых ранее не диагностировались нарушения слуха: группа 1 — учащиеся 1–4-х классов общеобразовательной школы, группа 2 — учащиеся 1–4-х классов коррекционной школы для детей с нарушениями зрения (г. Санкт-Петербург). Скрининговый этап включал отоскопию, тимпанометрию, регистрацию отоакустической эмиссии, скрининговую тональную аудиометрию. Дети с выявленными отклонениями от нормы в дальнейшем проходили комплексное диагностическое обследование слуха в СПб ГКУЗ «Детский городской сурдологический центр» с целью подтверждения наличия нарушения слуха и дифференциальной диагностики заболевания. Основной показатель исследования — доля (%) детей с подтвержденной патологией слуха в каждой группе. Дополнительный показатель — доля различных патологических состояний в структуре нарушений слуха, включая долю стойких нарушений и степень тугоухости. Методы исследования: отоскопия, тимпанометрия, скрининговая и стандартная тональная пороговая аудиометрия, речевая аудиометрия, регистрация отоакустической эмиссии и слуховых вызванных потенциалов. Результаты. Среди 183 детей массовой школы при аудиологическом скрининге отклонения от нормы были выявлены у 23%. Из них патология слуха была подтверждена у 19,7% детей. У большинства детей была диагностирована преходящая кондуктивная тугоухость I–II степени, у 3,9% обследованных диагностировано стойкое нарушение слуха (сенсоневральная тугоухость). Среди 148 обследованных учащихся коррекционной школы для детей с нарушениями зрения общая доля детей с подтвержденной патологией слуха достоверно не отличалась, но среди них было в 2,5 раза больше детей со стойкой тугоухостью и детей с более тяжелым снижением слуха. Заключение. Полученные данные подтверждают обоснованность проведения аудиологического скрининга у школьников. Необходимы дополнительные исследования, направленные на разработку протокола аудиологического скрининга детей школьного возраста с учетом особенностей организации сурдологической службы и образовательной системы в Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The only way to prevent the negative outcomes of hearing loss in children (speech, mental, learning, socialization disorders) is early diagnosis of the pathology and rehabilitation onset. It can be provided by hearing screening programs for children of different ages, including school-age children. Hearing screening is not performed among school-age children in Russian Federation. Objective. The aim is to study the prevalence and structure of hearing disorders in students in mainstream and special (for children with visual impairments) schools to determine the strategy for implementing hearing screening of school-age children in Russian Federation. Methods. The study included children of two groups who had not previously been diagnosed with hearing disorders: group 1 — students of 1–4 grades of mainstream school, group 2 — students of 1–4 grades of special school (children with visual impairments) (St. Petersburg). The screening stage included otoscopy, tympanometry, otoacoustic emissions, pure tone audiometry. Children with any problems later underwent a complex hearing examination at Center of Pediatric Audiology (St Petersburg) to confirm the presence of hearing disorder and for disease differential diagnosis. The major indicator in this study is the percent (%) of children with confirmed hearing disorder in each group. The additional indicator is the proportion of various pathological conditions in hearing disorders’ structure (persistent disorders and hearing loss degree included). Study methods: otoscopy, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses. Results. We have revealed abnormalities in 23% of 183 children from mainstream school. Hearing disorders were confirmed in 19.7% of children. Most children were diagnosed with temporary mild and moderate conductive hearing loss, whereas 3.9% were diagnosed with permanent (sensorineural) hearing loss. The total percent of children with confirmed hearing disorder was not significantly different in 148 children from special school. Therefore, they have 2.5 times more cases of permanent hearing loss and children with more severe hearing disorder. Conclusion. The obtained data confirm the hearing screening relevance in school-age children. Further studies are required to develop hearing screening protocol for school-age children considering the features of audiologic service and educational system in Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тугоухость</kwd><kwd>аудиологический скрининг</kwd><kwd>нарушения слуха у детей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hearing loss</kwd><kwd>school-age hearing screening</kwd><kwd>hearing disorders in children</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают признательность администрации Государственного бюджетного общеобразовательного учреждения «Школа-интернат № 1 им. К. К. Грота» Красногвардейского района г. Санкт-Петербурга, Государственного бюджетного общеобразовательного учреждения «Средняя общеобразовательная школа № 518» Выборгского района г. Санкт-Петербурга, родителям детей за предоставленную возможность обследования детей и заинтересованность в вопросах здорового слуха у учащихся. Источник финансирования отсутствует.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express gratitude to the administration of State Budgetary General Education Institution “Boarding School № 1 named after K. K. Grot” of Krasnogvardeysky district in Saint Petersburg, the State Budgetary General Education Institution “Secondary school № 518” of Vyborg district in Saint Petersburg, and parents for the opportunity to examine their children and interest in healthy hearing among students. Financing source: not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO. World report on hearing. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO. World report on hearing. 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