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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rospedj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0843</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/rpj.v3i1.2415</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rospedj-202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19 у детей: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children: a literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9777-1220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгополов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgopolov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.;</p><p>170100, Тверь, ул. Советская, 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD,</p><p>170100 Tver, Sovetskaya str. 4</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irdolg@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8398-7001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rykov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой онкологии факультета дополнительного профессионального образования, советник при ректорате по научной работе, 170100, Тверь,ул. Советская, 4;</p><p>научный сотрудник, 105064, Москва, Воронцово поле, 12, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD,</p><p>Moscow,</p><p>Tver</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wordex2006@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тверской государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тверской государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России;&#13;
Национальный НИИ общественного здоровья имени Н.А. Семашко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation;&#13;
N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долгополов И.С., Рыков М.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долгополов И.С., Рыков М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolgopolov I.S., Rykov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rospedj.ru/jour/article/view/202">https://www.rospedj.ru/jour/article/view/202</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В конце 2019 г. новый подтип коронавируса, названный коронавирусом тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома 2 (SARS-CoV-2), быстро распространился по миру, вызвав глобальную пандемию. Изначально доля подтвержденных случаев среди детей была относительно небольшой, и считалось, что они заражаются редко. Последующие наблюдения показали, что у детей и подростков инфекция протекает либо бессимптомно, либо сопровождается минимальной клинической симптоматикой, в связи с чем истинная заболеваемость недооценивается из-за низкого уровня тестирования.</p><p>Цель исследования — обобщить и систематизировать результаты исследований, посвященных распространенности, диагностике, клинической картине, вакцинации и лечению детей с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В PubMed проведен поиск статей, опубликованных до 15 января 2022 г., с использованием комбинаций следующих слов: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, дети, педиатрия, подростки, младенцы и школа. Мы прочитали аннотации к 101 статье и отобрали 78 статей на основе их актуальности для обсуждаемых тем. Также мы проанализировали 3 статьи о вакцинации детей. Всего в обзор включено 89 статей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота положительных результатов тестирования на SARS-CoV-2 на протяжении всего пика пандемии у детей была низкой по сравнению со взрослыми, в том числе у тех, у кого была острая респираторная инфекция. Дети не только реже заражаются вирусом, но и переносят инфекцию легче, чем взрослые. Уровень летальности у детей с COVID-19 составлял &lt; 0,5%. У большинства детей заражение протекает либо бессимптомно, либо сопровождается стертой клинической картиной. Вакцинация детей и подростков рекомендуется в основном для достижения коллективного иммунитета во всех возрастных группах. Однако отсутствуют убедительные данные о длительности иммунного ответа, уровне необходимого защитного титра антител, а также об отдаленных побочных эффектах вакцинации в связи с недостаточным сроком наблюдения и неопределенностью критериев иммунного ответа.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По мере накопления информации о вирусной нагрузке детей и подростков, их роли в передаче вируса оптимизированы подходы к диагностике в этой возрастной группе. Эффективность лечения протестирована на пациентах, госпитализированных в стационар, и разработаны рекомендации по лечению. В настоящее время глобальные исследовательские усилия сосредоточены на защите особенно уязвимых детей, перспективах тотальной вакцинации детей, ее эффективности и безопасности. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In late 2019, a new subtype of coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) rapidly spread around the world, causing a global pandemic. Initially, the proportion of confirmed cases among children was relatively small, and it was believed that children were rarely infected. Subsequent observations have shown that in children and adolescents, the infection is either asymptomatic or accompanied by minimal clinical symptoms, and therefore the true incidence is underestimated due to the low level of testing.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To summarize and systematize the results of studies on the prevalence, diagnosis, clinical picture, vaccination and treatment of children with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. PubMed searched articles published up to January 15, 2022 using combinations of the following words: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, children, pediatrics, adolescents, infants, and school. We read the abstracts of 101 articles and selected 78 articles based on their relevance to the topics discussed. We also analyzed 3 articles on vaccination of children. A total of 89 articles were included in the review.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The SARSCoV-2 positivity rate throughout the peak of the pandemic in children was low compared to adults, including those who had an acute respiratory infection. Children are not only less likely to become infected with the virus, but they also carry the infection more easily than adults. The mortality rate in children with COVID-19 was &lt; 0.5%. In most children, infection is either asymptomatic or accompanied by an erased clinical picture. Vaccination of children and adolescents is recommended mainly to achieve herd immunity in all age groups. However, there are no convincing data on the duration of the immune response, the level of the required protective antibody titer, as well as on the long-term side effects of vaccination due to the insufficient follow-up period and the uncertainty of the immune response criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. As information is accumulated on the viral load of children and adolescents, their role in the transmission of the virus, diagnostic approaches in this age group are optimized. The effectiveness of the treatment was tested on patients admitted to the hospital, and recommendations for treatment were developed. Currently, global research efforts are focused on the protection of especially vulnerable children, the prospects for total childhood vaccination, its effectiveness and safety. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eurosurveillance Editorial Team. Note from the editors: World Health Organization declares novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) sixth public health emergency of international concern. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(5):200131e. doi: https://doi.org/htt10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eurosurveillance Editorial Team. 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